Naja nigricollis synonyms, naja nigricollis pronunciation, naja nigricollis translation, english dictionary definition of naja nigricollis. Clinical toxinology resources website provides information on venoms, toxins, antivenoms, diagnosis, treatment and emergency medicine, for snakebite, spiderbite, envenoming and poisoning by animals, plants, mushrooms. These snakes are black often with some red infusion on the neck. Blacknecked spitting cobra naja nigricollis description a large cobra of around 1. Necrosis, haemorrhage and complement depletion following bites by the spitting cobra naja nigricollis. Impact of naja nigricollis venom on the production of methaemoglobin article pdf available in toxins 1012. After 1 month, permanent corneal scarring, neovascularization and deepithelialization. Leaf methanol extract and fractions of tithonia diversifolia hemsl. The ld 50 was determined according to the method of spearman and. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 1999, 369 1, 1071.
Captive care notes for naja nigricollis insight on the proper maintenance of the blacknecked spitting cobra from south africa. Unbound toxins were eliminated by washing with buffer a. They were incubated for 90 min at 37 in air on a dubnoff shaker. Purification of a neurotoxin from the venom of naja. The blacknecked spitting cobra is active both during the day and at night and covers fair distances in search of food. Venomous snakebite protocols from joe pittman i strongly suggest every one of you who handle venomous snakes invest in snakebite treatment protocols for the snakes you handle.
The cobras of southern africa african snakebite institute. Similarly, 1 ml of polymodified abungarotoxin was mixed with 2. Pdf snakebite envenomation is an affliction currently estimated to be. Note that raymond hoser had named the same group of cobras spracklandus 6 months earlier. Map indicating the distribution of the blacknecked spitting cobra naja nigricollis in africa this snake is a large cobra that may exceed 2 m in length. African spitting cobra naja nigricollis bite of the hand william m. Naja nigricollis synonyms, naja nigricollis antonyms. Impact of naja nigricollis venom on the production of. Warrell da, greenwood bm, davidson nm, ormerod ld, prentice cr. Enzymatic activity on free and membrane bound substrates. Basic phospholipase a2 from naja nigricollis snake venom.
Fifty thousand snakebites occur annually in north america. Naja nigricollis black necked spitting cobra sareptiles. Here you will find everything you ever wanted to know. Naja nigricincta is a species of spitting cobra in the genus naja belonging to the family elapidae, which is native to the deserts and drier regions of southern africa.
Pdf impact of naja nigricollis venom on the production. Naja nigricollis differs in dorsal coloration mostly dark, or patterned or variegated, in having a broad dark band across the throat, and a mostly dark venter. Naja nigricollis wikispecies, free species directory. Its effects contrasted with those of a noncardiotoxic acidic phospholipase. Necrosis, haemorrhage and complement depletion following. Gray asteraceae used in traditional medicine was evaluated for neutralization of toxicity induced by bitis arietans and naja nigricollis snake venoms in mice and rats. They are very big, male almost 2 meters and very stocky. Pdf on jun 24, 2017, daniel f hughes and others published naja nigricollis blacknecked spitting cobra geographic distribution. Venomous snakebite protocols from joe pittman thailandsnakes. This action appeared to be due to an effect on both the extrinsic and blood thromboplastin mechanisms.
Idiots tree felling fails with chainsaw machine tree falls on head and house duration. This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 3. Indian cobra naja naja photo by kamalnv made available on wikimedia and reproduced under the terms of gnu free documentation license b. Naja nigricollis aggressive cobra widely distributed in africa. Naja nigricollis definition of naja nigricollis by the. They are moderately sized snakes that can grow to a length of 1. Inhibition of adenosine diphosphateinduced platelet aggregation, antioxidant activity, total phenol content and neutralization of venominduced. They possess medically significant venom, although the mortality rate for.
Ocular effects of the venom from the spitting cobra naja. Homogeneity was verified by free boundary electrophoresis, acrylamide gel electrophoresis, sedimentation velocity, amino acid. The basic phospholipase a2 from naja nigricollis venom. Naja nigricollis blacknecked spitting cobra status.
Blacknecked spitting cobra african snakebite institute. We are breeding them regulary, last year we had two clutches of 16 eggs, all hatched our adult animals comes from ghana, tanzanian specimens should be more brown as black, at least those we saw. Aminoacid composition of the phospholipases a2 of the venom of the central asian cobra. Lethality toxicity of naja nigricollis snake venom was studied before and after exposure to 1. Naja nigricollis nigricincta bogert 1940 has been elevated to full species status with n. Naja nigricincta bogert, 1940, was long regarded as a subspecies of n. Naja nigricollis is classified under the genus naja of the family elapidae. Effects of three cobra venoms on blood coagulation. Media in category naja nigricollisthe following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total.
In the last step, unreacted free sulfhydryl groups. Blacknecked spitting cobra naja nigricollis inaturalist. The homeopath chooses naja nigricollis dilution for each disease or symptom. Recently, however, biologists have discovered that nearly a dozen species exist in asia, some being venom spitters and others not. Eaker and jerker porath institute of biochemistry, university of uppsala, uppsala sweden received february i ith, 1966 revised manuscript received may 5th, 1966 summary a neurotoxin, called toxin a, has been. Turn the tube to bring down the required number of granules in the cap and remove the homeopathic pellets naja nigricollis 5ch 7ch 9ch 15ch under the tongue. The effects of the venoms of naja melanoleuca, naja nigricollis, and ophiophagus hannah on blood coagulation, platelet aggregation, and fibrinolysis were studied in vitro. Juveniles are often gunmetal grey with a pitchblack throat region. Indian cobra naja najaphoto by kamalnv made available on wikimedia and reproduced under the terms of gnu free documentation license b. Additionally, this species also usually has 23 or fewer dorsal scale rows at midbody, vs the usual 25 in naja nubiae. Neutralization effect of tithonia diversifolia hemsl.
Phytochemical and antivenom studies on the stem bark of. Ocular effects of the venom from the spitting cobra naja nigricollis. Blood circulation, particularly thrombosis and haemostasis, is one of the major targets of several snake venom proteins. Over the last several decades, research on snake venom toxins has provided not only new tools to decipher molecular details of various physiological processes, but also inspiration to design and develop a number of therapeutic agents. Observation of the effects of mutations helps account for sequencespecific properties and large variations in folding rates observed in homologous proteins, which are not explained by structurederived descriptions. A list of lyrics, artists and songs that contain the term naja nigricollis from the website.
Catalytic properties of two phospholipases a from cobra naja nigricollis venom j. King cobra ophiophagus hannahphoto by kumar made available on wikimedia and reproduced under the terms of gnu free documentation license. This snake just enters namibia in the extreme north but is common elsewhere in africa. Purification of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Blacknecked spitting cobra wikipedia republished wiki 2. The indian cobra or indian spectacled cobra, naja naja was formerly considered a single species with much the same distribution as the king cobra.
Naja nigricollis afrikaans sebraslang, swart spoegslang, swartkeelspoegkobra, chinese. The species is largely nocturnal, and is often found while crossing roads at night. A range of snake venoms induce the oxidation of hb the ability of venoms to oxidise hb into methb has been reported within the family of viperidae 15 17,26. Of these, about 8000 result in envenomation by poisonous species. Toxins free fulltext impact of naja nigricollis venom on the.
The specific epithet nigricollis is latin for blacknecked. Interaction of modified neurotoxins from naja nigricollis with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from torpedo marmorata a raman spectroscopy study michel n6grerie t, dimitrina aslanian, franqoise bouet 2, andr6 m6nez 2, hofingoanh nghim 3 and. The blacknecked spitting cobra naja nigricollis is a species of spitting cobra found mostly in. Pdf impact of naja nigricollis venom on the production of. The spitting cobra, naja nigricollis, is widely and densely distributed in africa. African spitting cobra naja nigricollis bite of the hand. It was first described by norwegian zoologist johan reinhardt in 1843.
This species had long been considered to be a subspecies of the blacknecked spitting cobra naja nigricollis, but morphological and genetic. Nawaprin naja nigricollis blacknecked spitting cobra. Crystalline phospholipase a associated with a cobra venom. Naja nigricollis pellets homeopathy boiron control. Naja nigricollis black necked spitting cobra geographic distribution.